{
  "title": "A shelf of tools is not a foundation: roofing figures",
  "description": "U.S. roofing contractors with paid employees (NAICS 238160). Values are whole dollars or counts; the Census publishes dollar items in thousands. Ratios are fractions (0.0033 is 0.33%).",
  "figures": [
    {
      "id": "firms",
      "kind": "read",
      "label": "Roofing firms with paid employees",
      "value": 24082,
      "unit": "firms",
      "year": "2022",
      "source_title": "Economic Census 2022, Construction: basic statistics, NAICS 238160 (roofing contractors)",
      "source_url": "https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/economic-census/data/2022/sector23/EC2223BASIC.zip",
      "locator": "EC2223BASIC.dat, GEOTYPE=01, NAICS2022=238160, column FIRM",
      "derivation": ""
    },
    {
      "id": "establishments",
      "kind": "read",
      "label": "Roofing establishments with paid employees",
      "value": 25519,
      "unit": "establishments",
      "year": "2023",
      "source_title": "County Business Patterns 2023, NAICS 238160 (roofing contractors)",
      "source_url": "https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/cbp/datasets/2023/cbp23us.zip",
      "locator": "cbp23us.txt, naics=238160, lfo=-, column est",
      "derivation": ""
    },
    {
      "id": "employees",
      "kind": "read",
      "label": "Employees at those establishments (March 12 pay period)",
      "value": 215242,
      "unit": "employees",
      "year": "2023",
      "source_title": "County Business Patterns 2023, NAICS 238160 (roofing contractors)",
      "source_url": "https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/cbp/datasets/2023/cbp23us.zip",
      "locator": "cbp23us.txt, naics=238160, lfo=-, column emp",
      "derivation": ""
    },
    {
      "id": "receipts",
      "kind": "read",
      "label": "Sales, value of shipments, or revenue",
      "value": 69906202000,
      "unit": "dollars",
      "year": "2022",
      "source_title": "Economic Census 2022, Construction: basic statistics, NAICS 238160 (roofing contractors)",
      "source_url": "https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/economic-census/data/2022/sector23/EC2223BASIC.zip",
      "locator": "EC2223BASIC.dat, GEOTYPE=01, NAICS2022=238160, column RCPTOT ($1,000)",
      "derivation": ""
    },
    {
      "id": "payroll",
      "kind": "read",
      "label": "Annual payroll",
      "value": 13458130000,
      "unit": "dollars",
      "year": "2022",
      "source_title": "Economic Census 2022, Construction: basic statistics, NAICS 238160 (roofing contractors)",
      "source_url": "https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/economic-census/data/2022/sector23/EC2223BASIC.zip",
      "locator": "EC2223BASIC.dat, GEOTYPE=01, NAICS2022=238160, column PAYANN ($1,000)",
      "derivation": ""
    },
    {
      "id": "software",
      "kind": "read",
      "label": "Expensed purchases of software",
      "value": 154272000,
      "unit": "dollars",
      "year": "2022",
      "source_title": "Economic Census 2022, Construction: basic statistics, NAICS 238160 (roofing contractors)",
      "source_url": "https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/economic-census/data/2022/sector23/EC2223BASIC.zip",
      "locator": "EC2223BASIC.dat, GEOTYPE=01, NAICS2022=238160, column PCHEXSO ($1,000)",
      "derivation": ""
    },
    {
      "id": "computerServices",
      "kind": "read",
      "label": "Data processing and other purchased computer services",
      "value": 74209000,
      "unit": "dollars",
      "year": "2022",
      "source_title": "Economic Census 2022, Construction: basic statistics, NAICS 238160 (roofing contractors)",
      "source_url": "https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/economic-census/data/2022/sector23/EC2223BASIC.zip",
      "locator": "EC2223BASIC.dat, GEOTYPE=01, NAICS2022=238160, column PCHDAPR ($1,000)",
      "derivation": ""
    },
    {
      "id": "underTwentyEstablishments",
      "kind": "read",
      "label": "Establishments with fewer than 20 employees",
      "value": 23053,
      "unit": "establishments",
      "year": "2023",
      "source_title": "County Business Patterns 2023, NAICS 238160 (roofing contractors)",
      "source_url": "https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/cbp/datasets/2023/cbp23us.zip",
      "locator": "cbp23us.txt, naics=238160, lfo=-, columns n<5 + n5_9 + n10_19",
      "derivation": "16,661 + 3,826 + 2,566"
    },
    {
      "id": "averageReceiptsPerFirm",
      "kind": "derived",
      "label": "Average receipts per roofing firm with employees",
      "value": 2902840,
      "unit": "dollars",
      "year": "",
      "source_title": "",
      "source_url": "",
      "locator": "",
      "derivation": "receipts ÷ firms = 69,906,202,000 ÷ 24,082"
    },
    {
      "id": "softwareShareOfReceipts",
      "kind": "derived",
      "label": "Expensed software purchases as a share of receipts",
      "value": 0.0022068428206126834,
      "unit": "ratio",
      "year": "",
      "source_title": "",
      "source_url": "",
      "locator": "",
      "derivation": "software ÷ receipts = 154,272,000 ÷ 69,906,202,000"
    },
    {
      "id": "softwareAndServicesShareOfReceipts",
      "kind": "derived",
      "label": "Software plus purchased computer services as a share of receipts",
      "value": 0.003268393840077308,
      "unit": "ratio",
      "year": "",
      "source_title": "",
      "source_url": "",
      "locator": "",
      "derivation": "(software + computer services) ÷ receipts = (154,272,000 + 74,209,000) ÷ 69,906,202,000"
    },
    {
      "id": "payrollShareOfReceipts",
      "kind": "derived",
      "label": "Payroll as a share of receipts",
      "value": 0.19251696723561093,
      "unit": "ratio",
      "year": "",
      "source_title": "",
      "source_url": "",
      "locator": "",
      "derivation": "payroll ÷ receipts = 13,458,130,000 ÷ 69,906,202,000"
    },
    {
      "id": "payrollToSoftware",
      "kind": "derived",
      "label": "Payroll as a multiple of expensed software purchases",
      "value": 87.23637471478946,
      "unit": "ratio",
      "year": "",
      "source_title": "",
      "source_url": "",
      "locator": "",
      "derivation": "payroll ÷ software = 13,458,130,000 ÷ 154,272,000"
    },
    {
      "id": "smallEstablishmentShare",
      "kind": "derived",
      "label": "Share of establishments with fewer than 20 employees",
      "value": 0.9033661193620439,
      "unit": "ratio",
      "year": "",
      "source_title": "",
      "source_url": "",
      "locator": "",
      "derivation": "23,053 ÷ 25,519"
    }
  ]
}